Fig. 4

Change of collagen staining intensity in terms of optical density (OD) with the maximum diameter of the ascending aorta. Blue dot: Data from the thoracic aorta of TAV patients. Red dot: Data from the thoracic aorta of BAV patients. Black dot: Data from QAV patients. BAV and noBAV data are here grouped together. The analysis is based on linear mixed-effects modelling (LME) with confidence bounds indicated by dashed lines. The \({R}^{2}\) is adjusted by the number of fixed effects. Number of data = 24.