Table 2 Descriptive analysis from the constructed FCMs.
Concepts | Out degree | In degree | Centrality | Driver | Ordinary | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
EC1 | Locally sourced feedstock availability | 1.08 | 0.84 | 1.92 | ✓ | |
EC2 | Competition of feedstock | 1.12 | 1.01 | 2.13 | ✓ | |
EC3 | Rising wood cellulose price | 1.16 | 0.00 | 1.16 | ✓ | |
EC4 | New competitive circular business development | 0.44 | 1.80 | 2.25 | ✓ | |
EC5 | Economic feasibility | 0.95 | 0.43 | 1.38 | ✓ | |
EC6 | Production cost | 0.54 | 0.19 | 0.73 | ✓ | |
EC7 | Energy crisis | 0.75 | 0.00 | 0.75 | ✓ | |
EC8 | Niche market formation | 0.53 | 0.37 | 0.90 | ✓ | |
SO1 | Stakeholders participation | 1.12 | 0.17 | 1.28 | ✓ | |
SO2 | Farmers' perception of sustainability | 0.46 | 0.83 | 1.29 | ✓ | |
SO3 | Public awareness | 0.98 | 1.05 | 2.03 | ✓ | |
SO4 | Public acceptance and willingness to pay | 0.61 | 0.70 | 1.31 | ✓ | |
SO5 | Fear and risk | 0.46 | 0.69 | 1.14 | ✓ | |
SO6 | Knowledge gap in sustainable biomass production | 0.12 | 0.33 | 0.45 | ✓ | |
PO1 | Regulatory impact on waste stream management | 0.67 | 0.00 | 0.67 | ✓ | |
PO2 | Supportive governmental sustainable procurement projects | 0.55 | 0.18 | 0.73 | ✓ | |
PO3 | Financial support and funding | 0.68 | 0.23 | 0.91 | ✓ | |
PO4 | Promote R&D and cooperation | 1.51 | 0.79 | 2.31 | ✓ | |
TL1 | Technology optimization and integration | 0.95 | 0.37 | 1.32 | ✓ | |
TL2 | Technical feasibility challenges for scaling up | 0.84 | 0.09 | 0.93 | ✓ | |
EM1 | Environment benefits: nature conservations | 0.16 | 0.42 | 0.57 | ✓ | |
EM2 | Product life cycle management/performance | 0.97 | 0.06 | 1.02 | ✓ | |
SE1 | Sustainable industry practices | 0.34 | 0.29 | 0.63 | ✓ | |
SE2 | Prevalence of wood-based paper in the printing sector | 0.13 | 0.04 | 0.17 | ✓ | |
SE3 | Regional innovation network | 1.29 | 0.13 | 1.42 | ✓ | |
SE4 | Non-wood fiber-based paper production | 0.36 | 7.75 | 8.11 | ✓ | |
