Table 1 Baseline demographic characteristics of patients with and without predicting postoperative delirium.
Variables | Total patients (n = 1002) | Groups | †P for trend | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
Without delirium group (n = 804) | Delirium group (n = 198) | |||
Demographic | ||||
Male gender (n, %) | 424 (42.3) | 350 (43.5) | 74 (37.5) | 0.116 |
Age, × year (mean, SD) | 79.25 (9.70) | 77.98 (9.49) | 84.38 (8.83) | < 0.001 |
Smoking (n, %) | 179 (17.9) | 154 (19.2) | 25 (12.5) | 0.032 |
Alcohol (n, %) | 124 (12.4) | 102 (12.7) | 22 (11.1) | 0.546 |
Comorbidities | ||||
Hypertension (n, %) | 463 (46.2) | 331 (41.2) | 132 (66.7) | < 0.001 |
Diabetes (n, %) | 111 (11.1) | 87 (10.8) | 24 (12.1) | 0.602 |
COPD (n, %) | 108 (10.8) | 81 (10.1) | 27 (13.6) | 0.148 |
Cardiovascular disease (n, %) | 281 (28.0) | 204 (25.4) | 77 (38.9) | < 0.001 |
Cerebral infarction (n, %) | 238 (23.8) | 151 (18.8) | 87 (43.9) | < 0.001 |
Dementia (n, %) | 57 (5.7) | 35 (4.4) | 22 (11.1) | < 0.001 |
Intracerebral hemorrhage (n, %) | 59 (5.9) | 31 (3.9) | 28 (14.1) | < 0.001 |
Chronic liver disease (n, %) | 48 (4.8) | 37 (4.6) | 11 (5.6) | 0.574 |
Chronic kidney disease (n, %) | 49 (4.9) | 30 (3.7) | 19 (9.6) | 0.001 |
Tumor (n, %) | 95 (9.5) | 74 (9.2) | 21 (10.6) | 0.546 |
Chronic steroid use (n, %) | 6 (0.6) | 4 (0.5) | 2 (1.0) | 0.402 |
Operation | ||||
Fracture type | ||||
Femoral neck fracture (n, %) | 559 (55.8) | 457 (56.8) | 102 (51.5) | 0.012 |
Intertrochanteric fracture (n, %) | 392 (39.1) | 300 (37.3) | 92 (46.5) | |
Subtrochanteric fracture (n, %) | 51 (5.1) | 47 (5.8) | 4 (2.0) | |
Surgery type | ||||
Total hip arthroplasty (n, %) | 127 (12.7) | 94 (11.7) | 33 (16.7) | < 0.001 |
Hemiarthroplasty (n, %) | 251 (25.0) | 187 (23.3) | 64 (32.3) | |
Intramedullary nail fixation (n, %) | 309 (30.8) | 241 (30.0) | 68 (34.3) | |
Internal fixation with steel plate (n, %) | 126 (126) | 105 (13.1) | 21 (10.6) | |
Internal fixation with hollow nails (n, %) | 189 (18.9) | 177 (22.0) | 12 (6.1) | |
Intraoperative blood loss, × ml (mean, SD) | 170.29 (145.83) | 168.81 (151.87) | 176.31 (118.33) | 0.452 |
Intraoperative time, × hour (mean, SD) | 1.62 (0.66) | 1.61 (0.65) | 1.63 (0.67) | 0.732 |
Intraoperative CV-MAP, (mean, SD) | 9.66 (4.23) | 9.09 (3.24) | 11.98 (6.45) | < 0.001 |
Transfusion (n, %) | 157 (15.7) | 115 (14.3) | 42 (21.2) | 0.017 |
Postoperative ICU (n, %) | 67 (6.7) | 53 (4.9) | 10 (5.4) | 0.939 |
Bedridden time, × day (mean, SD) | 5.60 (3.53) | 5.50 (3.40) | 6.02 (4.01) | 0.092 |
ASA classification | ||||
I-II (n, %) | 531 (53.0) | 423 (52.6) | 48 (24.2) | < 0.001 |
III-IV (n, %) | 471 (47.0) | 381 (47.4) | 150 (75.8) | |
Laboratory findings | ||||
WBC count, × 109/L (mean, SD) | 8.66 (2.81) | 8.64 (2.79) | 8.76 (2.90) | 0.609 |
NEU count, × 109/L (mean, SD) | 6.57 (2.72) | 6.54 (2.71) | 6.69 (2.73) | 0.466 |
HGB level, × g/L (mean, SD) | 120.30 (20.49) | 122.30 (19.55) | 112.21 (22.21) | < 0.001 |
K, × mmol/L (mean, SD) | 4.00 (0.45) | 3.99 (0.44) | 4.03 (0.52) | 0.296 |
Na, × mmol/L (mean, SD) | 139.83 (4.81) | 139.97 (4.92) | 139.24 (4.30) | 0.055 |
Blood glucose, × mmol/L (mean, SD) | 5.84 (0.88) | 5.80 (0.85) | 6.01 (0.96) | 0.005 |
Cr, × mmol/L (mean, SD) | 69.87 (53.49) | 69.16 (53.41) | 72.75 (53.80) | 0.401 |
Albumin, × g/L (mean, SD) | 38.10 (4.66) | 38.70 (4.44) | 35.63 (4.73) | < 0.001 |
d-Dimer, × mg/L (mean, SD) | 4.72 (4.86) | 4.75 (4.92) | 4.60 (4.62) | 0.686 |
