Table 3 Interpretation of the variables.

Security

Perceived security level in a city, including crime rates and risk perception

Index based on perception surveys and crime statistics

Healthcare

Quality of public and private healthcare, access to hospitals, and medical care

Index based on hospital quality, medical coverage, and user satisfaction

Price Income Ratio

Relationship between prices and income level in a city

Ratio between the cost of living and the average disposable salary

Transportation

Efficiency and accessibility of public transport, traffic, and commute times

Index based on average travel time and public transport quality

Pollution

Levels of air, water, and other environmental pollution

Index based on air and water quality measurements and other environmental indicators

Climate

General climatic conditions, temperature, humidity, and precipitation

Index based on average temperature, precipitation, and other meteorological factors

Rent

Average cost of renting housing in different areas of a city

Average monthly rental cost of apartments in different locations

Groceries

Average cost of basic grocery products in supermarkets

Index based on the cost of a basic food basket

Restaurant Prices

Average cost of dining in restaurants, from budget options to high-end places

Average menu prices in restaurants of different levels

Purchasing Power

Citizens’ ability to afford goods and services with their average income

Index based on the comparison of salaries with the cost of living