Table 5 Indirect relationships between GenAITU subscales and AT through SMC and COL. The table presents the coefficients, means, standard deviations, t-values, and p-values for each hypothesis. Significant relationships (p < 0.05) are indicated as ***Sig.

From: Generative AI tool use enhances academic achievement in sustainable education through shared metacognition and cognitive offloading among preservice teachers

Hypotheses

In-direct Relations

Coefficients

Mean

SD

T Value

P values

Decisions

H6.1

PE -> SMC -> AT

0.004

0.004

0.011

0.335

0.738

Not***Sig

H6.2

EE -> SMC -> AT

0.081

0.081

0.022

3.717

0.000

***Sig

H6.3

FC -> SMC -> AT

0.039

0.039

0.014

2.753

0.006

***Sig

H6.4

UB -> SMC -> AT

0.045

0.047

0.022

2.09

0.037

***Sig

H7.1

PE -> COL -> AT

0.048

0.048

0.021

2.266

0.023

***Sig

H7.2

EE -> COL -> AT

0.073

0.073

0.028

2.661

0.008

***Sig

H7.3

FC -> COL -> AT

0.112

0.111

0.025

4.473

0.000

***Sig

H7.4

UB -> COL -> AT

0.025

0.026

0.011

2.323

0.020

***Sig