Table 1 Comparison of demographic, clinical, and radiological characteristics between patients with and without HE rates ≥ 70% prior to extubation.

From: Analysis of associated factors affecting hematoma evacuation rates in spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage with stereotactic aspiration combined with catheter drainage

Variables

HE rates ≥ 70%

(n = 43)

HE rates < 70%

(n = 47)

Total

(n = 90)

P value

Age, years, mean ± SD

57.23 ± 16.01

57.94 ± 13.68

57.60 ± 14.76

0.823

Male, n (%)

37 (86.0)

37 (78.7)

74 (82.2)

0.364

Smoking, n (%)

9 (20.9)

12 (26.1)

21 (23.6)

0.567

Drinking, n (%)

7 (16.3)

11 (23.9)

18 (20.2)

0.370

Medical history, n (%)

 Diabetes

2 (4.7)

9 (19.1)

11 (12.2)

0.036

 Hypertension

28 (65.1)

30 (63.8)

58 (64.4)

0.899

Medication history, n (%)

 Anticoagulation therapy

0

1 (2.1)

1 (1.1)

0.336

 Antiplatelet therapy

2 (4.7)

3 (6.4)

5 (5.6)

0.720

 Admission GCS scores, median (IQR)

10 (8–14)

11 (9–14)

11 (8.75–14)

0.932

The time from onset to operation, days, median (IQR)

1 (1–3)

1 (1–2)

1 (1–2)

0.063

Radiographic parameters

Hematoma location, n (%)

0.737

 Deep

28 (65.1)

29 (61.7)

57 (63.3)

 

 Lobe

15 (34.9)

18 (38.3)

33 (36.7)

 

Pre-op hematoma volume, mL, median (IQR)

39.20 (32.84–54.36)

38.70 (31.22–54.79)

39.18 (31.96–54.47)

0.544

Pre-op mean hematoma CT value, HU, median (IQR)

59.65 (56.51–64.64)

61.27 (59.94–64.00)

61.18 (58.43–64.08)

0.177

Preoperative CT signs, n (%)

 Black hole sign

15 (34.9)

19 (40.4)

34 (37.8)

0.588

 Island sign

10 (23.3)

11 (23.4)

21 (23.3)

0.987

 Satellite sign

9 (20.9%)

14 (29.8)

23 (25.6)

0.336

 Blend sign

21 (48.8%)

10 (21.3)

31 (34.4)

0.006

 Fluid level

3 (7.0)

1 (2.1)

4 (4.4)

0.265

 Irregular

8 (18.6)

20 (42.6))

28 (31.1)

0.014

 Intraventricular hemorrhage

12 (27.9)

28 (59.6)

40 (44.4)

0.003

 Hematoma edge linked to ventricle

4 (9.3)

17 (36.2)

21 (23.3)

0.003

Catheter position score, n (%)

0.518

 0

0

2 (4.3)

2 (2.2)

 

 1

11 (25.6)

13 (27.7)

24 (26.7)

 

 2

10 (23.3)

12 (25.5)

22 (24.4)

 

 3

22 (51.2)

20 (42.6)

42 (46.7)

 

Catheter parallel hematoma long axis, n (%)

24 (55.8)

23 (48.9)

47 (52.2)

0.514

Two drainage tubes, n (%)

5 (11.6%)

1 (2.1%)

6 (6.7)

0.071

Post-op hematoma expansion, n (%)

1 (2.3)

7 (14.9)

8 (8.9)

0.036

Urokinase, n (%)

34 (81.0)

39 (83.0)

73 (81.1)

0.804

  1. CT, computed tomography; GCS, Glasgow Coma Scale; HE, hematoma evacuation; HU, Hounsfield unit; IQR, interquartile range; Pre-op, preoperative; Post-op, postoperative; SD, standard deviation. Variables showing statistical significance (P < 0.05) are in bold.
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