Table 5 Initial values of XGBoost hyperparameters and predetermined search scope.

From: Method and application of stability prediction model for rock slope

Parameter name

Parameter meaning

Range

Initial value

learning_rate

Learning rate

[0.01,1]

0.3

max_depth

Maximum depth

[1,20]

6

subsample

Subsample proportion

(0.1,1]

1

colsample_bytree

Column sample proportion

(0.1,1]

1

Gamma

Minimum loss

[0,10]

0