Table 2 Changes in wrinkles, elasticity, hydration, TEWL, melanin index and erythema index induced by treatment with MN or MNRF.

From: Comparison of the effects of fractional microneedle radiofrequency and microneedling on modulating the senescent fibroblast milieu in aged skin

 

MN

MNRF

 

Baseline

3 month

Statistical

Significance

5 month

Statistical

Significance

Baseline

3 month

Statistical

Significance

5 month

Statistical

Significance

Wrinkles

          

Visioscan

98.76 ± 8.26

95.60 ± 10.81

ns(p = 0.284)

93.35 ± 10.78

s(p = 0.015)

99.01 ± 8.30

93.31 ± 10.96

s(p = 0.0005)

91.11 ± 11.40

s(p < 0.0001)

Visiometer

          

R1

1.43 ± 0.29

1.35 ± 0.22

ns(p = 0.073)

1.23 ± 0.18

s(p = 0.0004)

1.45 ± 0.23

1.31 ± 0.22

s(p = 0.046)

1.19 ± 0.14

s(p = 0.042)

R2

1.11 ± 0.30

1.02 ± 0.20

s(p = 0.027)

0.89 ± 0.18

s(p = 0.0004)

1.07 ± 0.25

0.92 ± 0.21

s(p = 0.003)

0.85 ± 0.16

s(p = 0.0001)

R3

0.66 ± 0.17

0.63 ± 0.11

ns(p = 0.242)

0.58 ± 0.10

s(p = 0.008)

0.64 ± 0.13

0.58 ± 0.11

s(p = 0.024)

0.55 ± 0.09

s(p = 0.021)

R4

0.45 ± 0.07

0.45 ± 0.07

ns(p = 1.000)

0.45 ± 0.06

ns(p = 1.000)

0.45 ± 0.06

0.43 ± 0.07

ns(p = 0.681)

0.43 ± 0.08

ns(p = 0.743)

R5

0.20 ± 0.04

0.20 ± 0.05

ns(p = 1.000)

0.20 ± 0.04

ns(p = 1.000)

0.22 ± 0.05

0.21 ± 0.05

ns(p = 0.429)

0.18 ± 0.03

s(p = 0.005)

Elasticity

  

R0

0.25 ± 0.06

0.24 ± 0.06

ns(p = 0.920)

0.22 ± 0.07

ns(p = 0.130)

0.25 ± 0.06

0.25 ± 0.06

ns(p = 0.982)

0.22 ± 0.06

ns(p = 0.125)

R1

0.10 ± 0.04

0.10 ± 0.04

ns(p = 1.000)

0.09 ± 0.04

ns(p = 0.150)

0.11 ± 0.03

0.10 ± 0.03

ns(p = 0.445)

0.09 ± 0.03

s(p = 0.005)

R2

0.60 ± 0.08

0.58 ± 0.07

ns(p = 0.482)

0.61 ± 0.08

ns(p = 1.000)

0.56 ± 0.07

0.60 ± 0.07

s(p = 0.013)

0.62 ± 0.07

s(p = 0.0001)

R3

0.28 ± 0.06

0.27 ± 0.07

ns(p = 1.000)

0.25 ± 0.08

ns(p = 0.109)

0.28 ± 0.07

0.28 ± 0.06

ns(p = 0.795)

0.26 ± 0.07

ns(p = 0.112)

R4

0.14 ± 0.05

0.14 ± 0.05

ns(p = 1.000)

0.12 ± 0.05

s(p = 0.024)

0.15 ± 0.04

0.13 ± 0.04

ns(p = 0.451)

0.12 ± 0.04

s(p = 0.007)

R5

0.48 ± 0.14

0.46 ± 0.11

ns(p = 0.163)

0.50 ± 0.14

ns(p = 0.829)

0.45 ± 0.14

0.48 ± 0.11

ns(p = 0.177)

0.52 ± 0.13

s(p = 0.005)

R6

0.68 ± 0.19

0.69 ± 0.19

ns(p = 1.000)

0.69 ± 0.18

ns(p = 1.000)

0.68 ± 0.19

0.66 ± 0.16

ns(p = 1.000)

0.71 ± 0.18

ns(p = 1.000)

R7

0.28 ± 0.06

0.27 ± 0.05

ns(p = 0.809)

0.29 ± 0.06

ns(p = 1.000)

0.27 ± 0.05

0.29 ± 0.05

s(p = 0.040)

0.30 ± 0.05

s(p = 0.002)

R8

0.15 ± 0.03

0.14 ± 0.03

ns(p = 0.249)

0.13 ± 0.04

ns(p = 0.103)

0.14 ± 0.04

0.15 ± 0.03

ns(p = 0.094)

0.14 ± 0.04

ns(p = 0.459)

R9

0.03 ± 0.01

0.03 ± 0.01

ns(p = 1.000)

0.03 ± 0.01

ns(p = 0.276)

0.03 ± 0.01

0.03 ± 0.01

ns(p = 1.000)

0.03 ± 0.01

ns(p = 1.000)

Hydration

59.28 ± 7.49

61.71 ± 8.91

ns(p = 0.1000)

61.71 ± 10.50

ns(p = 0.635)

59.61 ± 8.05

64.04 ± 8.69

ns(p = 0.081)

64.27 ± 9.10

s(p = 0.016)

TEWL

11.23 ± 2.60

10.42 ± 2.52

ns(p = 0.347)

10.11 ± 2.84

ns(p = 0.091)

11.35 ± 2.86

10.49 ± 2.34

ns(p = 0.338)

10.03 ± 2.10

s(p = 0.046)

Melanin Index

163.30 ± 43.85

168.71 ± 39.59

ns(p = 0.069)

173.24 ± 33.54

ns(p = 0.056)

161.25 ± 39.29

165.53 ± 39.12

ns(p = 0.945)

169.45 ± 33.78

ns(p = 0.327)

Erythema Index

227.96 ± 76.42

223.90 ± 74.40

ns(p = 0.762)

217.55 ± 78.74

ns(p = 0.449)

230.78 ± 59.00

230.69 ± 69.51

ns(p = 0.538)

227.12 ± 66.87

ns(p = 0.538)

  1. Mean ± SD.
  2. In bold, statistically significant differences with baseline.
  3. Skin wrinkling parameters measured by Visiometer: R1, Skin roughness; R2, Maximum roughness; R3, Average roughness; R4, Smoothness depth; R5, Arithmetic average roughness.
  4. Skin elasticity parameters measured by Cutometer: R0, Maximum amplitude; R1, Minimum amplitude; R2, Gross elasticity; R3, Last maximum amplitude; R4, Last minimum amplitude; R5, Net elasticity; R6, Portion of viscoelasticity; R7, Elastic portion; R8, Complete relaxation (R0-R1); R9, Tiring effect (R3-R0).
  5. ns, not statistically significant; s, statistically significant; SD, standard deviation; MN, microneedling; MNRF, microneedle radiofrequency; TEWL, trans epidermal water loss.
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