Table 2 Laboratory mechanical parameters of surrounding rock.

From: Inverse analysis of surrounding rock parameters of loess tunnels and numerical simulation analysis of stress-seepage coupling under water migration

Material

Modulus of elasticity/MPa

Specific gravity/(kN/m3)

Poisson’s ratio/–

Cohesion /kPa

Internal friction angle/°

Permeability coefficient/(m/s)

Aeolian loess

53.1

17.3

0.33

27.0

26.0

6.63E−07

Soft plastic loess

41.4

20.2

0.34

16.2

24.4

1.20E−07

Alluvial loess

49.6

20.3

0.36

25.8

23.9

1.98E−07

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