Table 9 Performance metrics of each model for monitoring point JCJ-01–01.

From: Research on subway settlement prediction based on the WTD-PSR combination and GSM-SVR model

Model

Prediction accuracy

MAPE/%

MAE/mm

RMSE/mm

R2

SVR

11.06

0.109

0.135

0.909

PSO-SVR

6.51

0.065

0.071

0.975

MPA-SVR

4.59

0.049

0.057

0.984

GWO-SVR

4.57

0.049

0.057

0.983

LSTM

6.97

0.071

0.081

0.967

WOA-SVR

4.35

0.046

0.054

0.985

GSM-SVR

3.21

0.032

0.037

0.993