Fig. 5 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 5

From: El Niño and La Niña differentially drive transmission dynamics of the small ruminant parasite Haemonchus contortus across agroecological zones in Southern Africa

Fig. 5The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Effect sizes and statistical significance of differences of mean Q0 during major El Niño events compared to neutral phase values during the typical southern Africa rainy season (November-April) across tropical and subtropical agroecological zones (AEZs). Red and blue tiles indicate positive and negative effect sizes respectively. Asterisks denote significance levels: * = p ≤ 0.05, ** = p ≤ 0.01, *** = p ≤ 0.001. Cohen’s d effect size classifications: negligible: d < 0.2, small: 0.2 ≤ d < 0.5, medium: 0.5 ≤ d < 0.8, large: d ≥ 0.8. Note difference of legend scale compared to Fig. 2, reflective of higher detected effect sizes in this analysis.

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