Table 2 Statistical significance analysis of the annual average air temperature, annual average precipitation and annual accumulated precipitation trends was performed via the Mann‒Kendall test, linear regression and Theil‒Sen analysis.

From: Investigating the first case of permafrost degraded subsidence in Lahaul & Spiti region of Tethyan Himalayas

Tests

Metric

Annual average air temperature

Annual average precipitation

Annual accumulated precipitation

Mann–Kendall test

MK Stat

0.36

 − 0.14

 − 0.06

P value

0.00

0.12

0.46

Linear regression

Slope

0.02

 − 0.01

 − 1.19

P value

0.00

0.09

0.28

Theil − Sen analysis

Slope

0.02

0.00

 − 0.88

Decadal rate

0.18 °C/decade

0.00 mm/decade

 − 8.85 mm/decade