Table 10 Execution time (in seconds) of the various steps of the proposed encryption algorithm.

From: A DNA-based color image cryptosystem using chaotic maps, spiral mixing and non-linear binary operator

Image dimension

Inter-channel mixing

Mix rows

Rectangle ACM

Spiral mixing

DNA encoding

Substitution

DNA decoding

Total time

\(256\times 256\)

1.11

0.53

0.25

2.18

0.28

1.97

0.26

6.58

\(512\times 512\)

4.18

2.16

1.11

8.32

1.28

7.83

1.04

25.92

\(1024\times 1024\)

16.65

8.43

5.31

33.39

4.9

30.67

4.1

103.45

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