Table 2 Multivariate-adjusted mean brain volumes of 3,627 older adults living with frailty stratified by body mass index.

From: Differential brain volume between obese and underweight cognitively normal older adults with frailty in the JPSC-AD

Segments

Estimated volume ratio (95%CI) of BMI group

Main effect of BMI group

Post-hoc test

Low (L)

Intermediate (I)

High (H)

F

p-value

ηp2

p-value (LSD)

p-value (Bonferroni)

(L) vs. (I)

(L) vs. (H)

(I) vs. (H)

(L) vs. (I)

(L) vs. (H)

(I) vs. (H)

Total Brain Volume

67.2 (66.7–67.6)

67.3 (67.2–67.5)

66.8 (66.6–67.0)

9.07

< 0.001

0.005

0.462

0.160

0.000

> 0.999

0.479

< 0.001

Gray Matter Volumea

36.4 (36.1–36.7)

36.6 (36.5–36.7)

36.1 (36.0–36.3)

17.12

< 0.001

0.009

0.156

0.126

0.000

0.468

0.377

< 0.001

White Matter Volumea

29.0 (28.8–29.3)

28.9 (28.8–29.0)

28.9 (28.8–29.0)

0.24

0.784

< 0.001

0.515

0.489

0.880

> 0.999

> 0.999

> 0.999

White Matter T1-Hypointensitya

0.410 (0.358–0.463)

0.409 (0.392–0.425)

0.422 (0.399–0.446)

0.45

0.639

< 0.001

0.950

0.684

0.346

> 0.999

> 0.999

> 0.999

Frontal Lobe Cortexb

14.3 (14.1–14.4)

14.3 (14.3–14.3)

14.2 (14.2–14.3)

3.46

0.032

0.002

0.335

0.726

0.010

> 0.999

> 0.999

0.031

Parietal Lobe Cortexb

9.55 (9.47–9.63)

9.62 (9.59–9.65)

9.56 (9.52–9.60)

4.13

0.016

0.002

0.118

0.851

0.009

0.353

> 0.999

0.027

Temporal Lobe Cortexb

9.40 (9.33–9.48)

9.49 (9.47–9.52)

9.39 (9.36–9.42)

14.26

< 0.001

0.008

0.021

0.745

0.000

0.062

> 0.999

< 0.001

Occipital Lobe Cortexb

3.82 (3.78–3.87)

3.83 (3.82–3.85)

3.81 (3.80–3.83)

1.31

0.270

0.001

0.628

0.742

0.110

> 0.999

> 0.999

0.330

Insula Cortexb

1.26 (1.25–1.28)

1.27 (1.26–1.27)

1.26 (1.25–1.27)

1.74

0.176

0.001

0.424

0.901

0.074

> 0.999

> 0.999

0.222

Cingulate Cortexb

1.76 (1.74–1.78)

1.76 (1.75–1.77)

1.74 (1.73–1.75)

5.94

0.003

0.003

0.896

0.117

0.001

> 0.999

0.350

0.002

Hippocampal Gyrusb

0.740 (0.730–0.750)

0.748 (0.745–0.752)

0.741 (0.737–0.746)

4.12

0.016

0.002

0.107

0.805

0.010

0.321

> 0.999

0.029

Amygdalab

0.269 (0.263–0.275)

0.275 (0.273–0.276)

0.271 (0.268–0.273)

3.68

0.025

0.002

0.089

0.652

0.019

0.268

> 0.999

0.029

Subcortical Gray Matterb

5.12 (5.07–5.17)

5.14 (5.13–5.16)

5.11 (5.09–5.13)

2.82

0.060

0.002

0.322

0.850

0.022

0.966

> 0.999

0.067

Superior Temporal Gyrusb

2.01 (1.99–2.04)

2.02 (2.02–2.03)

2.00 (1.99–2.02)

3.83

0.022

0.002

0.417

0.559

0.006

> 0.999

> 0.999

0.019

Middle Temporal Gyrusb

1.91 (1.89–1.94)

1.95 (1.94–1.96)

1.93 (1.92–1.94)

6.70

0.001

0.004

0.003

0.114

0.011

0.008

0.341

0.034

Inferior Temporal Gyrusb

1.93 (1.90–1.95)

1.95 (1.94–1.95)

1.91 (1.90–1.92)

14.27

< 0.001

0.008

0.119

0.258

0.000

0.356

0.774

< 0.001

Fusiform Gyrusb

1.71 (1.69–1.74)

1.74 (1.73–1.74)

1.72 (1.71–1.73)

3.29

0.037

0.002

0.072

0.496

0.038

0.215

> 0.999

0.113

Transverse Temporal Gyrusb

0.179 (0.175–0.182)

0.181 (0.180–0.182)

0.181 (0.179–0.182)

0.54

0.584

< 0.001

0.307

0.328

0.982

0.922

0.984

> 0.999

Temporal Poleb

0.488 (0.479–0.497)

0.489 (0.486–0.492)

0.478 (0.474–0.482)

10.45

< 0.001

0.006

0.875

0.037

0.000

> 0.999

0.110

< 0.001

Entorhinal Cortex

0.347 (0.340–0.355)

0.354 (0.352–0.356)

0.354 (0.350–0.357)

1.44

0.236

0.001

0.091

0.118

0.943

0.274

0.353

> 0.999

Parahippocampal Gyrus

0.364 (0.357–0.370)

0.369 (0.367–0.372)

0.364 (0.361–0.367)

4.82

0.008

0.003

0.103

0.893

0.004

0.308

> 0.999

0.013

Superior Frontal Gyrus

3.63 (3.60–3.67)

3.66 (3.65–3.67)

3.66 (3.64–3.67)

1.05

0.349

0.001

0.148

0.222

0.763

0.443

0.665

> 0.999

Cuneus Gyrus

0.487 (0.479–0.495)

0.494 (0.491–0.496)

0.488 (0.484–0.492)

3.63

0.027

0.002

0.138

0.840

0.015

0.413

> 0.999

0.044

Paracentral Gyrus

0.621 (0.611–0.632)

0.620 (0.617–0.622)

0.617 (0.613–0.622)

0.51

0.599

< 0.001

0.752

0.456

0.366

> 0.999

> 0.999

> 0.999

Supramarginal Gyrus

1.806 (1.782–1.830)

1.812 (1.804–1.819)

1.798 (1.787–1.808)

2.27

0.104

0.001

0.651

0.535

0.034

> 0.999

> 0.999

0.101

  1. The total brain volume, gray matter volume, white matter volume, and white matter T1-hypointensity volume are presented as percentages of the intracranial volume, and the volumes of the other segments are presented as percentages of the total brain volume. The 95% CIs are in parentheses. BMI body mass index, vs. versus, L low BMI, I intermediate BMI, H high BMI, F F statistic, ηp2 partial eta squared, LSD least significant difference. a% of intracranial volume; b% of total brain volume.
Back to article page