Table 3 Flowering time (growing degree days (GDD) and calendar days) to first flowering for parental seeds of A. myosuroides and L. multiflorum under no vernalisation (NV) and germination vernalisation (GV) treatments.

From: Adaptation of grassweeds to spring cropping through changes in germination, flowering time and fecundity

Species

Vernalisation treatment

Cropping background

GDD to 1st flowering

Days to 1st flowering

P-value

A. myosuroides

NV

Autumn

2864

134

 < 0.05

Spring

2666

144

GV

Autumn

1331

72

 < 0.05

Spring

1158

57

L. multiflorum

NV

Autumn

2212

87

 < 0.0001

Spring

1504

73

GV

Autumn

1771

71

 < 0.0001

Spring

1130

53

  1. Only significant differences between cropping backgrounds are shown. GDD refers to the cumulative thermal time from planting to first flowering.
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