Table 7 Equivalent Parameters of Retaining Piles.

From: Effects of construction disturbances on tunnel displacement and the protective role of soil reinforcement in metro tunnels

Section Size

Equivalent Thickness d (m)

Elastic Modulus E (kN/m2)

Weight ω (kN/m3)

Poisson’s Ratio ν

\(\phi\) 1000@1400

0.63

\(3 \times 10^{7}\)

7

0.2