Fig. 1
Immune checkpoint therapy for VpR ccRCC tumours. (a) Overview of the experimental protocol for generating and monitoring ccRCC tumours before and during therapy. (b) Example of an MRI imaging series of an animal treated with anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4 showing tumour development over a period of 14 weeks and associated tumour volumes. Arrows and red circles highlight the tumour in each image. (c–i) Tumour volume growth curves during treatment with the indicated therapies. ICI: anti-PD-1 + anti-CTLA-4, ICI ctrl: isotype control antibodies, ACF: acriflavine, cabo: cabozantanib, cis: cisplatin. (j) Tumour growth rates expressed as the exponential growth co-efficient a where tumour growth is defined by the function eαt. Brown-Forsythe and Welch’s ANOVA tests revealed no significant differences in growth rates between any groups.
