Table 1 Demographic and clinical characteristics according to GOLD stages.
Characteristic | Mean (SD), median [IQR], or frequency | P for heterogeneity | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Stage I (n = 57) | Stage II (n = 137) | Stage III (n = 109) | Stage IV (n = 67) | ||
Male (%) | 93.0 | 88.3 | 83.5 | 86.6 | 0.36* |
Age (years) | 69.9 (7.9) | 72.2 (7.9) | 72.8 (8.3) | 70.8 (8.3) | 0.10 |
BMI (kg/m2) | 23.2 (3.3) | 22.3 (3.1) | 21.7 (3.5) | 20.3 (4.0) | < 0.01 |
Current or former smoker (%) | 96.5 | 97.8 | 99.1 | 97.0 | 0.77* |
Smoking exposure (pack-years) | 45.0 [30.0, 82.5] | 50.0 [35.0, 75.0] | 50.0 [40.0, 70.5] | 55.0 [40.0, 79.0] | 0.49 |
History of asthma (%) | 8.8 | 15.3 | 26.6 | 14.9 | 0.01* |
ICS use (%) | 29.8 | 39.4 | 65.1 | 74.6 | < 0.01 |
LABD use (%) | 77.2 | 89.1 | 96.3 | 94.0 | < 0.01* |
LAMA use (%) | 26.3 | 17.5 | 13.8 | 6.0 | 0.02* |
LABA use (%) | 21.1 | 21.9 | 22.0 | 13.4 | 0.50 |
LAMA/LABA use (%) | 29.8 | 49.6 | 60.6 | 74.6 | < 0.01 |
FEV1 (L) | 2.4 (0.4) | 1.6 (0.3) | 1.0 (0.2) | 0.6 (0.1) | < 0.01 |
ppFEV1 (%) | 90.9 (8.6) | 64.0 (8.7) | 40.7 (5.5) | 23.2 (4.3) | < 0.01 |
FEV1/FVC (%) | 63.1 (4.9) | 54.8 (8.2) | 43.1 (9.2) | 34.2 (9.8) | < 0.01 |
CRP (mg/dL) | 0.1 [0.0, 0.4] | 0.1 [0.0, 0.2] | 0.1 [0.1, 0.4] | 0.1 [0.1, 0.4] | 0.36 |
