Table 7 Summary of indices.

From: A comprehensive assessment of Ghana’s energy security dimensions and environmental sustainability in a multi-indices analysis

Type of index

Indicator

Number of variables

Index

Period

Interpretation

The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI1)

Market Concentration Levels

6

0.23

2022

Good

The Herfindahl-Hirschman Index (HHI2)

Power Sector Market Structure

14

0.09

2022

Good

The Shannon–Wiener Index (H)

Diversity and Dependence

6

1.51

2022

Good

The Simpson Index (D)

Diversity and Dependence

6

4.31

2022

Good

Adjusted Shannon–Wiener Newmann Index (SWNI1)

Political Risk

4

0.37

2022

SWNI1 lowers the level of H

Adjusted Shannon–Wiener Newmann Index (SWNI2)

Indigenous Production

4

0.98

2022

SWNI2 raises the level of SWNI1

Carbon Intensity (ktCO2/ktoe)

Emission levels

3

5.50

2022

High level of emissions