Fig. 4

Detection of bacterial contamination after T-CS. A 16S rDNA gene PCR of fecal sample from GF foster mother. Lanes A-F: GF mice fecal sample. Lanes G-H: Fecal sample of SPF mice as positive control. Lane I: Nuclease free water. B Gram-stained slides of fecal sample from GF foster mother. C 16S rDNA gene PCR of fecal sample from weanling pups. D Gram-stained slides of fecal sample from GF weanling pups. The complete membrane image, including multiple samples such as the normal detection of germ-free mice, is provided in Supplementary Fig. 2. In the main figure, only the portion relevant to T-CS is shown for clarity.