Table 4 Comparative study of algorithms.

From: Accurate robot calibration via cascaded adaptive momentum LM and B-spline interpolated PSO

Models

Description

M1

The EKF algorithm, as described in7, is capable of handling non-Gaussian noise in the calibration system

M2

The LM algorithm introduced in5,6 is utilized for identifying deviations in kinematic parameters

M3

The PSO algorithm13, inspired by the foraging patterns of birds, is employed to obtain an optimal solution

M4

An efficient robot calibration method based on unscented Kalman filter and variable step-size Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm (UKF-VSLM)6

M5

A Robot Calibration Method Based on Extended Kalman Filter and Improved Covariance Matrix Adaptive Evolution Strategy (EKF-ICMA-ES)21

M6

A calibration method for industrial robot based on Levenberg–Marquardt and beetle antennae search algorithm (LM-BASA)22

M7

The proposed AMLM method enhances the LM algorithm by utilizing momentum-based corrections, integrating historical updates

M8

The BIPSO method uses B-spline interpolation to enhance search efficiency by reducing reliance on discrete positions

M9

The proposed AMLM-BIPSO algorithm enhances robot calibration, significantly boosting its accuracy