Fig. 2

The positive effects of LMW-F-DFR-DM on the structure of 3D-FT-HSEMs in cell culture over longer periods. (A) H&E staining, MT staining, and IHC analysis using targeted antibodies were performed for structural analysis of 3D-FT-HSEM sections in the con-DFR-DM and LW-F-DFR-DM groups at the indicated time points. Representative H&E and MT images portray the structures of the 3D-FT-HSEM sections. IHC staining with antibodies targeting Ki67, K10, K14, and involucrin show the condition of 3D-FT-HSEMs. Scale bars, 200 μm. (B, C) Graphs to indicate the thickness of the epidermal and dermal layers at the indicated times in (con-DFR-DM, blue; LMW-F-DFR-DM, red). (C) Graphs depicting the ratio of Ki67⁺ cells compared to the con-DFR-DM. The data are represented as the mean ± SEM of triplicate assays expressed as a ratio of the con-DFR-DM. Statistical analysis was performed using Student’s t-test. ** P < 0.01, *** P < 0.001 vs. corresponding controls.