Fig. 7
From: Reference genes validation in tear fluid for RNA analysis in ocular surface disease

Expression levels of ASC and Casp-1 genes in tears of control, DED, and glaucoma groups. (A) Gene expression was normalized using the geometric mean of the Cq values of the three most stable reference genes: 18S, RER1, and ACTB. (B) Gene expression was normalized using the geometric mean of the Cq values of the two least stable reference genes: UBC and AP3D1. Bars indicate mean ± SD. Statistical significance was assessed via the One-way ANOVA test, with * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01, **p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001 indicating comparisons to the control group. Control (n = 8), DED (n = 8), and glaucoma (n = 8) tear samples.