Table 2 Positive emotions mediation and moderation analysis. SE = Standard error. β = standardized coefficient. Conditional indirect effects represent the mediation path from resilience change to PE change through civic engagement for each group.

From: Enhancing mental well-being in university students through multicomponent low intensity positive education and the mediating role of civic engagement

Path

Group

β

SE

z

p

Direct Effects

     

ΔResilience → ΔCES - Behavior

Average

0.329

0.144

3.432

< 0.001*

 

Control

0.315

0.243

1.939

0.052

 

Experimental

0.343

0.152

3.370

< 0.001*

ΔCES - Behavior → ΔPE

Average

-0.016

0.069

-0.180

0.857

 

Control

-0.364

0.069

-4.945

< 0.001*

 

Experimental

0.375

0.069

4.584

< 0.001*

ΔResilience → ΔPE

Average

0.343

0.110

3.670

< 0.001*

 

Control

0.452

0.181

3.521

< 0.001*

 

Experimental

0.137

0.117

1.481

0.139

Moderation Effects

     

Group × (ΔResilience → ΔCES - Behavior)

 

0.014

0.287

0.146

0.884

Group × (ΔCES - Behavior → ΔPE)

 

0.406

0.138

4.765

< 0.001*

Group × (ΔResilience → ΔPE)

 

-0.195

0.220

-2.101

0.036*

Conditional Indirect Effects

     

ΔResilience → ΔCES - Behavior → ΔPE

Average

-0.005

0.034

-0.180

0.857

 

Control

-0.114

0.089

-1.805

0.071

 

Experimental

0.129

0.060

2.715

0.007*

* p < .05.
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