Table 3 Extracted features in 1D and 2D modes from alpha-stable distributions and whitened MRI images.

From: Stochastic differential equation modeling approach for grading astrocytomas on brain MRI images

One-dimensional (1D) Mode

Two-dimensional (2D) Mode

Characteristic exponent (α)

Characteristic exponent (α)

Skewness parameter (β)

Skewness parameter (β)

Scale parameter (σ)

Scale parameter (σ)

Location parameter (µ)

Location parameter (µ)

FLOM with p = 0.3**

FLOM with p = 0.3**

Log-moment with p = 0.3**

Log-moment with p = 0.3**

Inverse Difference Moment (IDM)

Largest rectangular area in histogram

Area under histogram

Area under histogram

Largest rectangular area in histogram

From Gray-Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) with an angle of 0 degrees

Contrast

Root mean square of the histogram

Correlation

Energy

Energy

Entropy

Homogeneity

  1. **The optimal value of ‘p’ was determined through a process of trial and error.