Fig. 2

(A) C-index across examined diseases for 15-years follow-up in survival analysis of UK Biobank participants. Models with yellow bars in the predictive difference plot indicate outcomes where the linear risk score outperforms the neural network risk score. (B) Comparison of the C-index discriminatory performance of a survival model containing both clinical risk factors and a protein risk score for 15 years and 5 years of follow-up. Both follow-up periods use the same risk scores (linear or neural network) within each disease. Models with yellow bars in the predictive difference plot indicate models which use a linear risk score, whilst green bars use a neural network risk score (Parkinson’s disease, lupus erythematosus, pulmonary embolism and end-stage renal disease).