Fig. 4 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 4

From: Fermented seaweed extracts ameliorate diabetic nephropathy in streptozotocin-induced diabetic rats via PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway

Fig. 4

FSE restores histological changes in the kidneys of DN rats. (A) Renal appearance, HE staining and periodic acid Schiff staining of renals in each group after treatment (original magnification, ×400). Green arrow indicates tubular basement membrane thickening, red arrows indicate glomerular basement membrane thickening, yellow marker indicates extracellular matrix (ECM) accumulation, and blue arrow indicates glomerular lobular change. (B) Rat kidney index (KI) in each group. (C) Pathological score of renal injury. (D) The relative IOD of PAS staining. Different letters represent significant differences among treatments when p < 0.05. NC, Normal Control; DN, Diabetic Nephropathy group; CAP, Captopril group; FSE-H, High-dose FSE treatment group; FSE-L, Low-dose FSE treatment group.

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