Fig. 3
From: CDX2 loss in colorectal cancer cells is associated with invasive properties and tumor budding
CDX2 and E-cadherin expression in tumor buds versus primary tumor in a CRC patient sample. (a, d) H&E staining of the whole slide image of a CRC patient sample and patient-derived xenograft (PDX) model, respectively. (b, e). The panels illustrate downregulation of cytokeratin (CK), CDX2 and E-cadherin (E-CAD) in tumor buds (indicated by arrowheads) compared to the nearest primary tumor regions (indicated by asterix). (c, f) Graphs show CDX2 and E-cadherin expression quantified in tumor buds versus epithelial cells in the nearest tumor region. (c) NTR, nearest tumor region n = 100, TB, tumor buds n = 186, ****p < 0.0001. (f) cNTR, cells in the nearest tumor region n = 99, TB, tumor buds n = 16, ****p < 0.0001. Wilcoxon signed-rank test was applied for statistical evaluation on PRISM software (GraphPad Software, San Diego). (g–l) Chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) assay of LS174T CDX2 knockout clones vs. CDX2 positive control. (g) Infiltrating margin analysis and (h) tumor bud count of cells incubated on CAM, stained for H&E. (i) Western blot confirmation of CDX2 knockout of cells used for CAM assay. (j–l) CAM tissue slides stained for H&E of one control (Ctrl73) and two CDX2 knockout clones (KO73–1 and KO73–2); CEC: CAM epithelial cluster; CC: Cancer cells; TB: Tumor bud; PDC: poorly differentiated cluster.
