Fig. 5 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 5

From: Silicon can attenuate glyphosate-induced stress in young Handroanthus albus by improving photosynthetic efficiency and decreasing cellular electrolyte leakage

Fig. 5

Visual symptoms of glyphosate toxicity in young Handroanthus albus (yellow Ipe) leaves under different glyphosate concentrations (0 to 2600 g e.a. ha-1), with and without silicon (Si) treatment. A damage severity (DS) score was assigned to each leaf based on visible symptom intensity, where 0 represents no visible symptoms, 1 indicates mild yellowing, 2 reflects moderate yellowing with initial brown spotting, 3 denotes advanced chlorosis with necrotic lesions, and 4 corresponds to severe necrosis, curling, and deformation. DS values are displayed beneath each leaf image to provide a standardized, objective assessment of visual damage across treatments.

Back to article page