Table 1 Insert types and geometries.

From: Implementing a novel TOPSIS-sine cosine algorithm-based hybrid optimization in machining medium-hardened steel

Cutting insert

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Insert type-1

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Insert type -2

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Insert type -3

Brand

Kennametal

Kennametal

Walter

ISO code

CNMG 120408 CNMG 120408 CNMG 120408

Chip breaker

MP

RP

NM4

Coatings

CVD (TiN-TiCN-TiN)

CVD (TiN-TiCN-TiN)

CVD (TiCN-Al2O3-TiN)

Tool holder

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TCLNL 25 25 M12 (MRK)

Tool holder geometry (mm)

25 × 25 × 150

Length of cutting edge (mm)

12.896

Thickness (mm)

4.763

Nose radius (mm)

0.8

Inclination angle

− 6°

Rake angle

− 6°

Approach angle

95°

Clearance angle

Included angles

80°