Fig. 5
From: The use of autologous platelet-rich plasma in embryo culture to obtain high-quality embryos
Evaluation of the expression level of proteins from autologous PRP using the proteome profiler human XL cytokine array kit. (A) Heatmap analysis was done to visualize signal-density measurements obtained from the cytokine array kit. Among the 105 proteins examined, 43 proteins exhibited a difference of at least 0.5-fold between the groups of successful and unsuccessful embryo development. The spots enclosed in outlined boxes were used for signal normalization. The scale bar in the heatmap represents unitless measurements, determined based on pixel density. (B) The presented data demonstrate significant alterations, ranging from at least 1.0- to 14-fold changes, in protein levels normalized to the array reference, indicated by the line boxes, observed between patients with high-quality embryos and those with low-quality embryos. The mean pixel-density value of the control subject was standardized to 1.0, and subsequent fold changes were computed for each protein. The data are expressed as the mean fold-change. (C) Among the 28 proteins tested, four proteins including FMS-like tyrosine kinase 3 (Flt-3), interleukin (IL)-23, monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 (MCP-3), and urokinase plasminogen activator receptor (uPAR) were detected. Significant differences were found in Flt-3 (28.10 in high-quality embryos vs. 498.99 in low-quality embryos), IL-23 (208.94 in high-quality embryos vs. − 405.13 in low-quality embryos), MCP-3 (304.23 in high-quality embryos vs. − 295.80 in low-quality embryos), and uPAR (472.98 in high-quality embryos vs. 1147.51 in low-quality embryos). Statistical differences were determined using paired t-tests (*p < 0.05). (High Q: high quality embryo; Low Q: low quality embryo).
