Table 1 Basic characteristics of the study population with MASLD of phase I of the cohort study (aged 40–74 years).

Age (year)

53.73 ± 9.11

53.99 ± 8.57

0.559

WC (cm)

99.81 ± 9.49

100.68 ± 10.46

0.091

BMI (kg/m²)

29.60 ± 3.91

32.96 ± 4.65

< 0.001

SBP (mmHg)

122.52 ± 16.66

123.94 ± 18.22

0.112

DBP (mmHg)

81.16 ± 12.36

81.56 ± 12.93

0.543

FBS (mg/dL)

108.15 ± 37.16

119.45 ± 51.98

< 0.001

TG (mg/dL)

174.62 ± 103.64

179.38 ± 125.07

0.426

Cholesterol (mg/dL)

191.19 ± 39.85

202.87 ± 43.67

< 0.001

HDL (mg/dL)

40.64 ± 10.88

42.95 ± 11.84

< 0.001

LDL (mg/dL)

113.49 ± 30.31

118.00 ± 32.25

0.006

HOMA-IR

2.71 ± 2.18

3.40 ± 3.01

< 0.001

ALT (IU/L)

28.68 ± 16.83

22.12 ± 15.57

< 0.001

AST (IU/L)

24.88 ± 15.94

21.38 ± 11.84

< 0.001

GGT (IU/L)

36.76 ± 40.83

31.10 ± 26.74

0.006

ALP (IU/L)

190.54 ± 80.27

187.18 ± 82.28

0.426

Smoking (%) (95% CI)

24.6 (21.5–27.7)

0.66 (0.08–1.2)

< 0.001

Diabetes mellitus type 2 (%) (95% CI)

18.2 (15.4–20.9)

31.8 (28.5–35.1)

< 0.001