Fig. 7

Investigation of membrane fouling. (a) Electron microscopy photographs of the inner side of membrane fibres (photographs 1-4, zoomed 30,000x) and a clogged fibre (image 5, zoomed 200x). Photograph 1 shows a clean fibre prior to a dialysis session. Photographs 2, 3 and 4 display material aggregation in the fibres. (b) The proportion of obstructed dialyser fibres found at the inlet, median and outlet of the dialyser in the 2 conditions. * indicates p < 0.05.