Table 4 Volume strain parameters under different confining pressures.

From: Numerical simulation of crack propagation and AE precursor characteristics in coal failure under confining pressures

Confining pressure/MPa

σci/MPa

σcd/MPa

σc/MPa

σci/σc

σcd/σc

5

25.62

34.74

45.11

0.56

0.77

15

32.56

41.61

54.67

0.59

0.76

25

52.41

66.12

75.05

0.69

0.88

35

59.86

82.93

87.48

0.69

0.94

45

68.15

92.51

97.46

0.73

0.94

55

92.22

103.12

107.90

0.85

0.95

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