Fig. 7

Comparison of the experimentally observed cellular deflection with the simulated result indicating the induced Von Mises stress distribution under uniaxial force loading (FA, force per unit area) on different microstructures, including: (a) hierarchical micropillars with a bottom layer of sPDMS and a top layer of hPDMS simulated as (1) sPDMS core and hPDMS shell under a FA = 55 kPa. Focus ion beam ablation was performed to more clearly observe the deflected pillars. (b) LAR micropillars fabricated in sPDMS and simulated under a FA = 25 kPa. (c) HAR gratings fabricated in sPDMS and simulated under a load of FA = 10 kPa. (d) HAR micropillars fabricated in PMMA under a lateral load of FA = 85 kPa. Scale bar: 2 μm.