Table 1 Evaluation indicators of urban location factors. Selected location factors. In geographic research, urban location factors are typically categorized into two major groups—economic and social factors (population, transportation, resources, military, religion, and politics) and natural factors (topography, climate, and rivers). Based on this classification and the principle of data availability, seven appropriate indicators were selected to assess location factors.

From: Exploring the spatial characteristics of abandoned mining sites at the urban scale using a case study of Handan, China

Location factors.

Evaluation indicators

Key literature supporting indicator selection

Population

X1 Population density

22,37

Transportation

X2 Distance to main roads

2,38

resource

X3 Distance to tourist attractions

17,38

politics

X4 Distance to urban areas

11,12

topography

X5 Elevation

17,28

rivers

X6 Distance to rivers

39,40

/

X7 Distance to ecological control areas

39,41

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