Fig. 6

Betweenness centrality and network sparsity. (a) The mean betweenness centrality in the P and NP groups across the delta, theta, alpha, and beta frequency bands. Compared with the P group, the NP group presented significantly greater betweenness centrality values in the delta, theta, and alpha bands. (b) Network sparsity comparison. Across all frequency bands except the beta band, similar results were obtained for network sparsity, and the NP group demonstrated significantly higher network sparsity values than the principal group. The p-values are annotated in all figures.