Fig. 1 | Scientific Reports

Fig. 1

From: Human-mediated introgression and Varroa destructor shaped the genetic structure of honey bee populations in the Azores

Fig. 1The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.

Map of sampled Apiaries and ADMIXTURE Plot inferred from SNPs in the Azores. (a) Map displaying the location of the apiaries (red dots) sampled across the Azores. Each island includes sample sizes (in parentheses) and a pie chart illustrating the average membership proportions (Q-values) of A. m. iberiensis (blue) and the C-lineage (orange), which were calculated using customised highly informative SNP panels. (b) The ADMIXTURE plot illustrates the genome partitioning into two clusters (K = 2) for each of the 474 individuals sampled across the Azores. The C-lineage cluster is depicted in orange, whereas the A. m. iberiensis cluster is shown in blue. The vertical solid lines separate populations between islands, whereas the red lines separate groups of individuals by mitochondrial DNA lineage (A—African, C—Central and Southeastern European, and M—Western and Northeastern European) within each island.

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