Fig. 1
From: Joint contact forces during barefoot, minimal and conventional shod running are highly individual
Joint flexion angles (left) and joint contact forces (right) per footwear condition as a function of the stride cycle during walking at 2.0 m/s. Values are averaged over all steps of all subjects (n=16) for the hip (top), knee (middle) and ankle (bottom) per condition. Barefoot running (BF) is indicated with a solid blue line, minimal shoes (MM) with a dashed orange, and normal shoes (NS) with a dotted yellow line. An angle of zero indicates the joint angles in the anatomical position. Positive angles indicate increased extension at the hip, increased flexion at the knee and increased plantarflexion at the ankle. Shaded areas indicate the standard deviation around the mean.
