Table 4 Estimates of covariance parameters and intra-class correlation (ICC) across five intercept-only models (students nested in class).
Model (outcome var.) | Parameter | Estimate | s.e. | Wald Z | p | 95% CI | ICC % | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Lower | Upper | |||||||
Total PL | Residual | 88.09 | 9.08 | 9.70 | < 0.01 | 71.98 | 107.82 | 12.89% |
Intercept variance | 13.03 | 8.66 | 1.51 | 0.13 | 3.54 | 47.92 | ||
Cognitive | Residual | 3.25 | 0.34 | 9.69 | < 0.01 | 2.66 | 3.98 | 10.22% |
Intercept variance | 0.37 | 0.27 | 1.38 | 0.17 | 0.09 | 1.52 | ||
Physical | Residual | 10.19 | 1.05 | 9.69 | < 0.01 | 8.32 | 12.47 | 15.37% |
Intercept variance | 1.85 | 1.23 | 1.51 | 0.13 | 0.50 | 6.80 | ||
Affective | Residual | 13.32 | 1.37 | 9.70 | < 0.01 | 10.89 | 16.31 | 14.51% |
Intercept variance | 2.26 | 1.46 | 1.55 | 0.12 | 0.64 | 8.00 | ||
Behavioral | Residual | 44.84 | 4.62 | 9.72 | < 0.01 | 36.65 | 54.87 | 6.82% |
Intercept variance | 3.28 | 2.53 | 1.29 | 0.20 | 0.72 | 14.90 | ||
