Fig. 1

Basic overview of the 1314 working face. (A map of China showing the location of Jining City, Shandong Province (highlighted in red). The map was created using Python with Matplotlib v3.10.3 (https://matplotlib.org/), Cartopy v0.24.1 (https://scitools.org.uk/cartopy/), and NumPy v2.3.1 (https://numpy.org/). Geographical features and administrative boundaries are based on Natural Earth data accessed via Cartopy’s feature interface).