Table 8 Properties of color fastness for the printed samples treated with microwave irradiation and thermal fixation methods.
Gum used | Fastness properties | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Washing | Rubbing | Perspiration | Light | ||||||
Acidic | Alkaline | ||||||||
Alt | St | Dry | Wet | Alt | St | Alt | St | ||
Microwave fixation | |||||||||
Cotton | |||||||||
Thickener | 3–4 | 3–4 | 4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4 | 6 |
Binder | 3 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 4–5 |
Wool | |||||||||
Thickener | 4–5 | 4–5 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 6–7 |
Binder | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3 | 5–6 |
Polyester/cotton | |||||||||
Thickener | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 5–6 |
Binder | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3–4 | 4 | 4 | 3 | 5 |
Thermo fixation | |||||||||
Cotton | |||||||||
Thickener | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 6 |
Binder | 2–3 | 2–3 | 3 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 5–6 |
Wool | |||||||||
Thickener | 3 | 3 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4 | 5–6 |
Binder | 2–3 | 2–3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2–3 | 2–3 | 6 |
Polyester/Cotton | |||||||||
Thickener | 3–4 | 3–4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4 | 4–5 | 3–4 | 6 |
Binder | 3 | 3 | 3 | 2–3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 3 | 5 |
