Fig. 1

Topographic and tectonic map of the study area in eastern Tibetan Plateau. (a) Tectonic map of the Tibetan Plateau region. The blue rectangle indicates the study area. (b) Map of main active faults, historical and modern strong earthquakes at the Y-shaped junction area between the Xianshuihe, Longmen Shan, and Anninghe Fault Zones in the Sichuan-Yunnan area. The yellow rectangle indicates the location of Fig. 2. DEM map based on the publicly available Shuttle Radar Topography Mission data with 90 m resolution. Focal mechanism solutions are collected from references15,16,17,18,19,20,21,22,23. The rupture zone are collected from references22. The focal mechanism solution is the lower hemisphere projection. Abbreviations: ANHF: Anninghe Fault Zone; BHB: Baryan Har Block; DLSF: Daliang Shan Fault Zone; LMSF: Longmen Shan Fault Zone; MZG: Mozigou fault; QTB: Qiangtang Block; SCB: Sichuan Basin; XSHF: Xianshuihe Fault Zone. Figures and maps were generated using QGIS 3.32.1 (https://download.qgis.org/downloads/) and CorelDRAW Standard 2024 (https://www.coreldraw.com/en/product/coreldraw/standard/).