Table 1 GAAOA tuning parameters.

From: GAAOA-Lévy: a hybrid metaheuristic for optimized multilevel thresholding in image segmentation

The parameters of GA

The parameters of AOA

The constant parameters for AOA are as follows:

Crossover probability

0.6, 0.75, or 1

C1 = 2, C2 = 6, C3 = 2, and C4 = 0.5

Mutation probability

0.12, 0.25, 0.35, or 1

Crossover type

Convex crossover with α = 0.4

Mutation

Gaussian mutation with σ = 0.01