Fig. 9

AFM images and related surface roughness profiles of the coated samples before and after the addition of Y2O3 nanoparticles (a) Ni–P (b) 0.25 g/L (c) 0.50 g/L (d) 0.75 g/L Y2O3 NPs.

AFM images and related surface roughness profiles of the coated samples before and after the addition of Y2O3 nanoparticles (a) Ni–P (b) 0.25 g/L (c) 0.50 g/L (d) 0.75 g/L Y2O3 NPs.