Table 6 The mechanical testing results.

From: Characterization of joining copper rods by upset technique and investigating the effect of preheat treatment on the weld characteristics

Sp. No

Sp. symbol

Welding mode

Input Heat (J)

Tensile stress (MPa)

Average tensile stress (MPa)

Elongation%

Average Elongation %

1

A0*

Control

---

232.809

232.809

40

40

2

A1

Q6

746.14

219.856

220.602

35

34.66

3

A2

218.345

33.5

4

A3

223.604

35.5

5

B1

Q6 preheated

746.14

220.173

217.709

36.2

36.1

6

B2

219.531

35.48

7

B3

213.425

36.62

8

C1

Q5

534.22

216.586

219.521

31.48

31.66

9

C2

222.584

32

10

C3

219.393

31.5

11

D1

Q5 preheated

534.22

211.123

216.823

34.1

33.42

12

D2

220.692

32.5

13

D3

218.654

33.66

14

E1

Q4

357.62

204.005

203.371

21.63

20.85

15

E2

202.533

20.01

16

E3

203.575

20.91

17

F1

Q4 preheated

357.62

200.120

199.228

23.5

25.23

18

F2

198.875

26.22

19

F3

198.689

25.97

  1. *A0 refers to the unwelded specimen.