Fig. 3

MNPs affect the cytokine secretion and the number of cell subsets of MSC. (A) Heatmap of the Bio-plex analysis showing the relative expression of 27 cytokines in the MSC and MSC-MNPs groups at 24 h after MNPs treatment. (B) Quantitative analysis indicates that, compared with the MSC group, the level of TNF-α and MCP-1 decreased, and the level of IL-10, IL-13, RANTES and VEGF increased in the MSC-MNPs group. (C-E) FACS analysis showed that the numbers of CD184⁺ MSC, CD106⁺ MSC and CD55⁺MSC were significantly greater in the MSC-MNPs group than in the MSC group. *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; Student’s t-test, n = 3 in each group.