Table 2 Indicators for evaluating the ecological security of PCABs.
ID | Factors | Interpretation | Dimension | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
f1 | Natural population growth rate | Birth rate minus death rate | Macro | |
f2 | Urbanization rate | Urban population divided by total population | Macro | |
f3 | Per capita agricultural GDP | Agricultural GDP divided by the total population at year-end | Meso | |
f4 | Per capita disposable income | Marks the purchasing power of the population and is a core indicator of the income level of the population | Macro | |
f5 | Profit margin | Total profit for the year as a percentage of operating revenue | Micro | |
f6 | Cropland utilisation | Area under crop cultivation as a proportion of arable area | Meso | |
f7 | Per capita arable land area | The ratio of total arable land area to population | Macro | |
f8 | Per capita water resources | The ratio of total water resources to population | Macro | |
f9 | Consumption of agricultural plastic film per unit of arable land | The ratio of agricultural plastic film usage to arable land area | Micro | |
f10 | Fertiliser utilisation rates for major crops | The extent to which pesticides and fertilizers are absorbed and utilized by crops during crop production | Micro | |
f11 | Pesticide utilization rates for major crops | The degree to which pesticides applied during crop production are absorbed and utilized by the crops | Micro | |
f12 | Ecological quality index | Data indicators that provide a comprehensive measure of the state of local natural ecosystems | Macro | |
f13 | Effective irrigation area | The area of arable land that can be properly irrigated in the current year | Meso | |
f14 | Coverage rate of high-quality seeds for major crops | The proportion of cultivated crops using selectively bred high-quality varieties | Meso | |
f15 | Land reclamation rate | The proportion of arable land area at the end of the year to the total land area | Macro | |
f16 | Cultivated land quality class | The suitability of agricultural crops for arable land is categorized into 10 grades by the Ministry of Natural Resources based on their suitability and adaptability | Macro | |
f17 | Biodiversity | The abundance of a variety of local organisms | Macro | |
f18 | Proportion of good water bodies | Proportion of Class I, II and III good water bodies | Macro | |
f19 | Overall compliance rate of routine monitoring | The compliance rate of agricultural products during routine national monitoring for agricultural product quality and safety | Micro | |
f20 | “Three products and one standard” agricultural products | The number of “pollution-free agricultural products, green food, organic agricultural products, and geographical indication agricultural products” in the current year | Micro | |
f21 | Output of major agricultural products | The annual production volume of major agricultural products such as grains, meat, eggs, milk, vegetables, and fruits | Meso | |
f22 | Agricultural exports | The quantity of agricultural products exported from the domestic market to foreign countries | Meso | |
f23 | Value added of agriculture and related industries | The proportion of value added created by agricultural and related industrial production activities to GDP in the current year | Meso | |
f24 | Employment and resettlement situation of farmers | The situation of local farmers’ employment driven by enterprises related to plateau characteristic agriculture | Meso | |
f25 | Soil conservation ratio | Proportion of the area of the region with good soil and water conservation as a percentage of the area of the region | Macro | |
f26 | Forest cover | Ratio of forest area to total land area | Macro | |
f27 | Losses from anthropogenic or natural disasters | Direct economic losses caused by natural or man-made disasters during the year | Macro | |
f28 | Policy support | Number of eco-environmental policies introduced in a year | Macro | |
f29 | Utilization of clean technology | Installed local clean energy capacity | Micro | |
f30 | Comprehensive utilization rate of crop straw | The proportion of crop straw that is reasonably utilized through various means after harvest | Micro | |
f31 | Degraded farmland management area | The area of degraded farmland effectively remediated | Macro | |
f32 | Comprehensive utilization rate of agricultural solid waste | The proportion of effective treatment and utilization of agricultural solid waste (such as livestock and poultry manure) | Micro | |
f33 | Wastewater treatment rate | Volume of domestic and industrial wastewater treated as a proportion of total wastewater discharges | Meso | |
f34 | The intensity of investment in pollution control | Government and enterprise financial expenditure on pollution control and environmental protection | Micro | |
f35 | Leading agricultural industrialization enterprises | Number of enterprises recognised as leading enterprises in agricultural industrialisation | Meso | |
f36 | The degree of high-quality farmland construction | The level at which local farmland construction meets high-standard requirements | Meso | |
f37 | Scale of investment in agriculture | Local agricultural investment as a proportion of total national agricultural investment | Meso | |
f38 | Developments of the agro-processing industry | Ratio of output of agro-processing industry to total agricultural output | Meso | |
f39 | Comprehensive mechanization rate of major crops | The proportion of mechanized operations in each stage of crop production, from cultivation to harvesting | Micro | |
f40 | Agricultural science and technology personnel | Professional and technical staff as a proportion of the total number of people | Micro | |
f41 | Intensity of agricultural R&D investment | Funding for agricultural R&D inputs | Micro |
