Table 3 Responses to the question “have you come across this story before?” for each of the four news stories.

From: Evaluating real-world effects of one-off fake news exposure

Memory response

Nuts story (fake)

Quinoa story (true)

Avocado story (true)

Packaging story (true)

N

%

N

%

N

%

N

%

Yes, came across this story in the media*

14

0.89

55

2.29

278

11.60

440

18.36

Yes, heard about this story from a friend*

6

0.38

24

1.00

57

2.38

54

2.25

Yes, but can’t remember where*

40

2.53

93

3.88

393

16.39

609

25.41

Not sure

119

7.54

270

11.26

328

13.68

427

17.81

No, never heard it before

1400

88.66

1955

81.56

1341

55.94

867

36.17

Total N

1579

-

2397

-

2397

-

2397

-

  1. * Responses deemed a memory for the story.