Table 2 Basic cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) parameters.

From: Pilot study of cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers reveals inflammatory changes in patients with paranoid schizophrenia

CSF results

Schizophrenia (n = 35)

Non-inflammatory controls (n = 40)

Inflammatory controls (n = 35)

Elevated cell count (> 4/µl), n (%)

4 (11%)

0

p = 0.043

28 (80%)

p < 0.001

Elevated albumin CSF-serum quotient, n (%)

14 (40%)

10 (25%)

p = 0.217

15 (43%)

p = 1

CSF total protein (mg/l), mean (SD)

424 (138)

469 (163)

p < 0.001

354 (129)

p < 0.001

Elevated CSF lactate [mmol/l], n (%)

0

0

p = 1

13 (37%)

p < 0.001

Intrathecally synthesized IgG according to Reiber´s diagram [%], n (%)

0

0

p = 1

23 (66%)

p < 0.001

Intrathecally synthesized IgA according to Reiber´s diagram [%], n (%)

0

0

p = 1

3 (9%)

p = 0.239

Intrathecally synthesized IgM according to Reiber´s diagram [%], n (%)

1 (3%)

0

p = 0.467

10 (29%)

p = 0.003

CSF-specific oligoclonal bands, n (%)

4 (11%)

0

p = 0.043

35 (100%)

p < 0.001

  1. CSF = cerebrospinal fluid; Ig = immunoglobulin; SD = standard deviation. The presented p-values reflect the comparison between the corresponding control group (inflammatory or non-inflammatory) and individuals with schizophrenia.
Back to article page